1984 Chapters 3 & 4 Study Questions

1. What is Winston’s dream about his mother? How does he feel about himself in that dream?

He dreamt that his mother was in the saloon of a sinking ship looking up at him under the water, slowly fading from his view. Winston feels responsible for his mother’s death because he believes that she gave her own life so that he could live.

2. What is his dream about the "Golden Country"?

He dreamt that he was in a sunny pasture when he saw a woman with dark hair coming towrds him and took off all he close. In Winston’s eye’s he viewed this gesture as shedding away the opressive influence of Big Brother.

3. What does he remember about the big events of the past? Bombs? Past Wars?

He remembers that as a child everyone was surprise when the air raids first happened and that he went underground with his mother, father, and possibly his sister because he did not know whether or not she had been born yet.

4. Explain the Party slogan, "Who controls the past controls the future; who controls the present controls the past."

“Who controls the present controls the past” this is true because the the people in power can alter historic records to benefit their own political agenda, they can then use these falsified records to manipulate the masses into thinking the way that the do or make the act a certain way.  

5. What does he know about the legends concerning Big Brother?

He is and always has been in power, he can accurately predict the future, and is never wrong. But this is because past records are altered in his favor so that he always appears to be right.

6. Describe Winston’s job.

He goes through media resources and “fixes” them, He takes statements made by high ranking officials and changes them if they are later found to be incorrect. He also removes people’s names to make it appear as though they never existed, after every “correction the original copy is sent to the furnace to be destroyed.  

7. How is the past controlled?

Past statement’s and event’s source documents are altered in favor of the people in power and then the original copies are destroyed so that others are unable to refute them.

8. What special literature, music, and entertainment is produced for the proletariat (proles)?

They receive newspapers with nothing but gossip, terrible books, sports, pornography, and songs about nothing.

9. How does Winston feel about his work? What sort of "creativity" is involved?

He said that he loses himself in his work, it requires a level of creativity because he has to fabricate stories that protect Big Brother’s interests and cannot be refuted.

10. What is the significance of Comrade Ogilvy?

Winston feels as though he is in competition with Ogilvy to see who can fabricate the best story for the same document about a man named Withers and his organization the FFCC, which supplied cigarettes to sailors, they were to be wiped from existence for unknown reasons.

1984 Chapters 1 & 2 Study Questions

1. What bothers Winston?

The ulcer on his ankle, big brother, and young pretty women.

2. What is wrong with his society?

There is no privacy or freedom.

3. What are the three slogans of the Inner Party?

War is peace,

Freedom is slavery,

Ignorance is strength

4. What are the four ministries?

The ministries of truth, peace, love, and plenty.

5. What items are written in italics?

What Winston wrote down in his diary.

6. How does the Two Minute Hate work?

The screen shows enemies of the party so that everyone can have someone to hate at the same time

7. What happens to Winston during the chant?

Winston tries not join in but eventually does and begins to chant with the crowd.

8. What happens between O’Brien and Winston?

The two locked eyes and and Winston felt that there was a telepathic bridge between himself an O’Brien, where Winston believes that he thinks the same way as he does.

9. During the film (p. 11), how did the audience react?

The went crazy and began to yell, jump around, and even throw things at the screen.

10. What is "thoughtcrime"?

It’s a thought directed against the party and Big Brother.

11. What are the Thought Police?

They are officers that arrest people for thought crimes.

12. Who are the Parsons and what do they represent?

The Parsons are Winston’s neighbors and they represent the regular common people.

13. How do the Parsons’ children behave?

They behave like thought police and aren't afraid to turn in their own parent, they are also obnoxious and violent.   

14. What is Winston's dream about O’Brien?

He dreamt that he heard O'Brien's voice tell him to meet him in a place where there is no darkness.

15. What is announced on the news? (p. 25)

It was describing the floating fortress that had just been anchored between Iceland and the Faeroe Islands.

Vaccine

Essay

Vaccines Should Be Mandatory In All Public Schools

Have you ever wondered what it would be like if smallpox was still prevalent today? Luckily thanks to vaccinations this virus was wiped from the face of the earth, but many more still remain. In order to prevent and eradicate other life threatening viruses, vaccines must be mandatory in all public schools. Many people accuse vaccinations with causing autism in infants; causing the very virus they were created to fight against; as well as having too many toxic chemicals for an infant immune system to handle.

Vaccines are shots that are used to help someone build an immunity to certain diseases, so that people are more likely never to get that disease in the first place. Each vaccine is different and made up of different chemicals, but all vaccines contain traces of the disease it is fighting against so that the body’s immune system is better equipped to ward off specific illnesses.

Many people believe that vaccines can cause autism in infants. This assumption is made because the age a child starts showing symptoms of autism is around one year of age, it just so happens that babies usually get around twenty different vaccines in their first year of life.(California Department of Public Health)  Therefore it is pretty easy to assume that the vaccines are causing autism. As of right now no studies have been done to prove that vaccines cause autism, in fact there have been numerous studies showing no connection between vaccines and autism. One of which was conducted by Luke Taylor, Amy Swerdfeger, and Guy Eslick showed no relationship between the two. the idea that vaccines cause autism is like saying that a rooster’s crow causes the sun to rise, just because they are in close proximity to each other does not mean that they are related.  

Some people think that you can actually get the disease from the vaccine itself, which is partially true. All vaccines contain dead or weakened cells form the virus it is trying to protect against and only in the few that use weakened cells is there even a tiny chance you will become sick.(The BabyCenter) Vaccines contain these cells so that your body can create an immunity to them incase you were exposed to a stronger strain of that virus. People who become sick through these vaccines usually only experience mild forms of the sickness that is not life threatening. Because of the chance of getting sick from these vaccines, people with weakened immune systems like individuals battling cancer, will not be given vaccines with living cells.  

Another reason so many people are against the idea of vaccines, is because of their contents, which contain small amounts of various chemicals. Their concern is that these chemicals will add up and cause some problems, that is a reasonable assumption due to the fact that most children receive about thirty different vaccines before kindergarten.(Center of Disease Control) The chemicals in each vaccine vary with different diseases, but the most common chemicals included are; Aluminum, which is used to get a faster, more effective response as soon as the vaccine is injected; Antibiotics are used in vaccines to kill any bacteria or germs that might have found its way into the vaccine; Egg proteins are used to create live cultures of the diseases used in the vaccine; one chemical most find unsettling is formaldehyde, which is used to kill the active disease so that it is no longer harmful to people when put into the vaccine; Monosodium glutamate is used as a stabilizer, to keep a vaccine from going bad over an extended period of time; another chemical that most people find concerning is thimerosal, which is a preservative that contains a minute amount of mercury and is used to prevent the growth of unwanted bacteria. most people are introduced to these chemicals on daily basis, in higher quantities than provided in the vaccines. an unknown scientist once said "Worrying about too many vaccines is like worrying about a thimble of water getting you wet when you are swimming in an ocean."    

Some people don’t understand devastating it would be without vaccines, before vaccines many people, of all ages were dying. Between the years of 1964 and 1965 12.5 million Americans were infected with rubella, 2,000 babies died from this disease as well as an additional 11,000 miscarriages. Since the creation of a vaccine there have been very few cases and only nine reported cases of rubella in 2012.(Center of Disease Control) Vaccines save thousands of lives on a yearly basis and when people willingly refuse a vaccine they are not only endangering themselves but also endanger those around them.

The three main reasons people refuse to get vaccinated have been presented above and have also been discredited; the fear of infants contracting autism from vaccines has no evidence to support itself; the risk of contracting a life threatening disease is only possible for people with immune system problems, such as cancer patients; finally the toxicity of vaccines are so minute there is very little chance of ever becoming sick from it. Vaccines should be mandatory in all public school, because the only way to eradicate life threatening diseases, is to never give them the chance to reproduce in a living host. If everybody were to get vaccinated, diseases such as polio and hepatitis would cease to exist and be come extinct.       

Works Cited

Baby Center. "Is It True That a Vaccine Can Cause the Disease It Was Meant to Protect Against? | BabyCenter." BabyCenter. Baby Center, n.d. Web. 06 Mar. 2015.

"Disease Eradication." History of Vaccines RSS. History of Vaccines RSS, n.d. Web. 26 Feb. 2015.

Doheny, Kathleen, MD. "Autism: Cases on the Rise; Reason for Increase a Mystery." WebMD. WebMD, n.d. Web. 05 Mar. 2015.

"Ingredients of Vaccines - Fact Sheet." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 22 Feb. 2011. Web. 06 Mar. 2015.

Mandal, Ananya, MD. "What Are Vaccines?" News-Medical.net. News Medical, 09 Jan. 2010. Web. 06 Mar. 2015.

"Parents' Guide to Childhood Immunizations." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 10 Oct. 2014. Web. 05 Mar. 2015.

Taylor, Luke E., Amy L. Swerdfeger, and Guy D. Eslick. "Download PDFs." Vaccines Are Not Associated with Autism: An Evidence-based Meta-analysis of Case-control and Cohort Studies. Science Direct 17, 17 June 2014. Web. 01 Mar. 2015.

"What Shots Does My Baby Need, and When?" What Shots Does My Baby Need, and When? California Department of Public Health, n.d. Web. 05 Mar. 2015.

"What Would Happen If We Stopped Vaccinations?" Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 19 May 2014. Web. 18 Feb. 2015.

"When Do Children Usually Show Symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)?" When Do Children Usually Show Symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)? Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 16 Jan. 2014. Web. 06 Mar. 2015.